Melatonin

Hormones · In Sleep

Chemical structure of Melatonin
Structure: Melatonin, PubChem CID 896

Food or supplementMeasured in people, not heightBy mouthHormone

It is the signal the body sends itself at night that it is dark, sold in shops as a supplement.

The hormone made mainly by the pineal gland, circulating at high levels at night and acting through two receptors, MT1 and MT2. It is the body's darkness signal, and in the US it is regulated as a dietary supplement.

Pharmacol Rev, 2010MMWR, 2022

Risks. Trial side effects were mild, but products often hold far more or less than the label says, and accidental poisonings in small children have risen sharply.

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