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Calcium and NFAT

Calcium entry in cartilage, the calcineurin and NFAT axis it switches on, CaMKII and PKC beside it, and why the growth gain in children on calcineurin inhibitors belongs to the steroid beside them.

Inside the cellPublished

8 min read22 sources

Calcium enters a cartilage cell through channels, in pulses. Calmodulin reads it and lifts the lid off calcineurin, which takes the phosphates off NFAT; NFAT moves into the nucleus and holds the cartilage genes down. Ca²⁺calcineurincalmodulinNFATPPCalcium inCalcineurinNFAT in the nucleuspulses, not steadyphosphates offcartilage genes down

Calmodulin reads intracellular calcium and drives two opposite kinds of enzyme: the phosphatase calcineurin, whose substrates are the NFAT transcription factors, and the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases.

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