BMP and TGF-β

The two halves of one superfamily that push chondrocytes towards bone and hold them back, what happens in the disease where the push never stops, and the safety record of the drugs built from it.

BMP and TGF-β: BMP signalling through Smad1/5/8 pushes a cartilage cell on towards swelling and bone; TGF-β and activin, through Smad2/3, hold it back. Both arms use Smad4. BMPvia Smad1/5/8TGF-β, activinvia Smad2/3DividingPush and brakeHypertrophyboth arms use Smad4then bone

BMPs and TGF-β are branches of the same family using the same kind of receptor and the same kind of messenger, and at the growth plate they pull against each other. BMPs push a chondrocyte towards hypertrophy and mineralisation. TGF-β and activin hold it back. The balance between them helps set the pace of the plate.

In this article

  • When BMP signalling cannot switch off
  • GDF5 and limb length
  • Compounds

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Educational content, not medical advice. Nothing here is a recommendation to take or stop taking anything — talk to a doctor about your own situation.